A stop-payment on a check is how you ask your bank to cancel a check before it is processed. After you request a stop payment, the bank will flag the check you specified, and if anyone tries to cash it or deposit it, they'll be rejected.
Requesting a stop-payment can make sense for lost or stolen checks, but it won't work in all payment situations. A stop payment can only be issued if you hold the account that paid the check, and you may be charged a fee.
How It Works
When you request a stop payment, you'll provide the bank with information about a specific check you wrote. You can issue a stop-payment on a check any time before it has been processed by following these steps:
- Call your bank
- Give them the details of your check: check number, amount, payee, and date
- Follow up in writing
- Pay a fee
The bank flags the check, and assuming the check hasn’t yet reached the bank for processing, the bank will notallow the check to clear.
For example, if a check gets lost, you might tell the bank to “stop payment on check number 203 for $500, written to Acme Enterprises on July 21.” If the bank receives that specific check, they know not to proceed with payment.
You can request a stop-payment verbally, but follow up in writing within 14 days to confirm your request. If you don’t, the bank might not honor your request. Act as soon as possible to catch the check before it makes it to the bank.
What It Costs
Banks usually charge a fee to flag your check and prevent it from being paid. A fee of $30 or so is typical, but it’s always worth checking how much you’ll pay. Some banks will waive the fee for customers with certain checking accounts, or charge less if you make the stop request online or over the phone. It also might be less expensive to cancel several checks at once (if you need to) rather than canceling them each individually.
How Long It Will Last
Your bank will typically be on alert for the check for six months. Bank policies differ, so be sure to confirm the specifics withyourbank. After that, the stop-payment expires. If you want to continue the stop payment order after that, you'll likely have to pay a fee to renew it.
Cashier’s Checks
You cannot stop payment on a cashier’s check. Because the funds areguaranteedto be paid by the bank, the bank is not allowed to decline it when the check is presented (either cashed by the recipient or deposited to a bank account). However, if you believe the check is lost or stolen, you can request a cancellation. Contact the bank immediately to report the issue; you'll have to file a declaration of loss, which is a document that states (under penalty of perjury) that you don't have the check. This declaration then begins a 90-day waiting period, after which the bank may return your funds. A thief could still present the check during that three-month window, however, so be alert.
While you can request a cancellation in case of theft or loss, you can't just cancel a cashier's check because you changed your mind. If that's the case, you'll have to try to get your money back from the payee another way.
Money Orders
You can cancel a money order and eventually get a refund—as long as the money order has not yet been deposited or cashed. As with cashier’s checks, you'll have to fill out a form, and the process can take a while—about 30 to 60 days, usually. You can mail the form or fill it out in person. You'll owe a fee as well; not as steep as what banks typically charge for canceled cashiers checks, usually between $6 and $18.
Debit Cards
Debit card transactions can go through almost instantly. That means it's much more difficult to cancel or stop a debit card payment. If you are having a dispute with a merchant and you don’t want to pay for something you bought, contact your bank, as you may be able to cancel the transaction.
Note
One difference between debit cards and credit cards is that debit cards don’t provideas much consumer protection as credit cards, but your bank can often help. If your debit card is lost or stolen, that’s a different story—it’s essential that younotify your bank immediately.
Electronic Payments
While an ACH reversal can only be completed for the wrong amount, the wrong account, or a duplicate transaction; stopping an ACH payment is more like stopping payment on a check. If you’re expecting a pre-authorized electronic payment to hit your checking account, you can prevent it from happening by requesting a stop-payment with your bank. You can give verbal instructions to your bank at least three days before the charge hits, but you’ll need to confirm it in writing within 14 days.
However, it’s best to cancel the payment at the source: Tell the billing company (e.g., your lender, insurance company, or gym) that you do not authorize future withdrawals. Put these instructions in writing, too.
Is It Legal to Stop Payment?
Stopping payment is a good idea if a check is lost or stolen—especially if you’ve communicated withthe original payeeabout canceling the check and writing a new one.
In other situations, you might be putting yourself at risk. Talk with a local attorney if you’re thinking of stopping payment because of a dispute or similar situation. Paying for goods with a check and then stopping payment to avoid paying for the products can be considered check fraud.
Note
You might have a good reason for not wanting to pay, butbouncing checks is rarely a good idea. It’s best to stay on the right side of local laws to minimize fees and legal trouble.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What if the bank pays the check after I stop payment?
The bank may be required to reimburse you if it pays a check you issued a stop order on. However, the longer you take to request the stop-payment, the less likely you'd be eligible for this treatment.
Can I stop payment on a check by telephone?
Most financial institutions require you to follow up on any oral instructions with a written directive. Otherwise, the stop order might not be enforced.
