5 things to give you more years with your dogs, according to a vet (2024)

They say dogs are a man's best friend, but sadly our canine companions have a lifespan a fraction that of humans.

They often leave a huge hole in our hearts, and lives, when they pass. The American Kennel Club reported that the average lifespan of small dog breeds is between 10 to 15. However, some dogs can live well until 18. As you go up in size, the average lifespan tends to drop—medium-sized dogs have a lifespan ranging between 10 and 13 years while large dogs are typically between eight and 12.

Research has shown that small dog breeds tend to live longer lives, as Newsweek previously reported. The reasoning for this goes back to humans and how we've bred our canine companions. Larger dogs bred over time have become more susceptible to cancer because of an "evolutionary lag" than smaller dogs.

Don't let the research findings discourage you. Labrador retrievers, one of the most popular dog breeds in the United States for the last decade, have a history of living long and they're a large breed. If kept healthy, Labradors can live up to 12 years.

Although much smaller, the beagle, another popular breed, has a similar average lifespan of 12 years.

Even if your dog outlives the longest-living dog at 30 years, that is still a minimal amount of time together compared to the life expectancy of humans. To try and get as many years with your pet as possible, vet Dr. Pete Wedderburn spoke with Newsweek about the ways owners can help their dogs live long.

"Dogs can't design their own lives," Wedderburn said. "They depend on us to impose the shape of their lives."

Diet

Owners might start with an excellent choice of food for their four-legged besties, but a dog's diet will need updating as their digestion system changes with age. Filling their bowls with high-quality ingredients makes a world of difference.

When a dog ages, their needs and nutrients will change, and owners will likely have to adjust their dog's diet. But diet isn't just about the food. Water is key to keeping them healthy and hydrated.

"They need access to fresh water," Wedderburn added. "Change it every day."

Supplements

Part of a dog's diet for a healthier, longer life includes supplements. Adding nutrients and vitamins will enhance their immune system, promote healthy digestion, and help joint and bone health.

While there are plenty of supplements to choose from, Wedderburn emphasizes the use of omega-3 fatty acids. This supplement helps support a dog's heart, joints, coat, skin, and immune system. He said the easiest way to add it to their diet is through capsules.

It is important to give them time to adjust to the food and supplements. Allow about two months to pass with doing one routine, Wedderburn said, as it takes about that time for nutrients to become fully absorbed.

Dr. Daisy May, a veterinarian surgeon, told Newsweek that she also recommends omega-3 fatty acids, as well as supplements containing glucosamine and chondroitin. These supplements will help support healthy joints in both aging and active dogs.

Mental Stimulation and Enrichment

Mental health and stimulation for dogs are just as important as their physical health.

Wedderburn highlighted a newer version of enrichment he's been seeing online—lick mats. Owners can put different foods on these mats such as peanut butter or mashed bananas. The different healthy foods will encourage the act of licking, which is a soothing behavior for bored or anxious dogs. Or, it can be used as a fun new toy.

Other options dog owners can turn to for mental stimulation include puzzle toys and training sessions. Keeping dogs stimulated may also reduce behavioral issues, May explained.

The graphic above, provided by Statista, shows popular dog breeds in the U.S.

Dental Health

Having poor oral health can harm your overall health. The Cleveland Clinic reported that beyond a yellowing smile and bad breath, poor dental health can lead to problems such as cardiovascular disease, endocarditis, pneumonia, or gum disease. And Wedderburn said the same goes for dogs.

"A buildup of dental plaque and tartar can lead to gum disease, tooth loss, and serious infections that affect the mouth, kidneys, heart, and joints," May said. "I recommend brushing your dog's teeth at least 2-3 times per week and scheduling dental cleanings with your vet at least once yearly."

Wedderburn suggested that owners brush a dog's front teeth, as getting to the back teeth might be a little more difficult. To clean the back teeth, he said to use dental chews that are clinically proven to be effective. Those treats that have been tested and proven will include a seal with the letters VOHC, or Veterinary Oral Health Council.

Minimize Stressors

While all owners try to put their dogs first, life sometimes will get in the way. Maybe you're going on vacation or you need to go on a work trip and as much as you want to bring your dog, it wouldn't be possible.

Some owners might resort to keeping their dogs at boarding kennels. But taking them out of their familiar home and giving them limited one-on-one attention might cause some dogs to feel depressed.

"The people might be nice there, but it is different from their normal situation," Wedderburn said.

He suggested opting for a pet sitter to give your canine attention. Owners can even hire sitters to stay at their house through companies like TrustedHousesitters and Rover that will help your dogs feel comfortable in their own familiar territory.

Keeping these stressors to a minimum is especially important for senior dogs as they can be more affected than younger pups.

While these five tips are guidelines for your dog to live as long as possible, it doesn't have to stop there. Wedderburn also highlighted the importance of sleep for dogs.

"People don't think enough about how their dog is well rested," he said. "It's really important to look after."

Wedderburn said a warm, soft bed can make a difference for them and on their joints.

May also stressed the importance of scheduling regular vet visits, stating that annual exams and six-month senior wellness visits will allow teams to monitor overall health, detect issues early, and provide treatment or recommendations for each dog's specific needs.

"Catching potential medical problems in their initial stages gives us the best chance at a successful resolution," said May.

Do you have funny and adorable videos or pictures of your pet you want to share? Send them to life@newsweek.com with some details about your best friend, and they could appear in our "Pet of the Week" lineup.

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